I was researching the shortcuts built into windows and found that there are two alternate ways to enable caps lock.

https://support.microsoft.com/kb/126449

However, that only seems to work when you have the intellikeys software running, as it is under the heading "Microsoft Natural Keyboard with IntelliType software installed".

The second method is to enable sticky keys, and to then enable the option titled "press modifier key twice to lock".  This enables a shift-lock when you press the shift key twice.  This isn't technically the same as caps lock, as it will also lock the shifted symbols on the number keys and the like, but it may be a good solution nonetheless.

You can find the sticky keys settings under the accesibility options.

There may be a similar shift-lock for the sticky keys under the Mac and Linux.