[Moved this from Technical as I realized I shouldn't have posted it there.]
While Colemak has been optimized for English, I have done some research and it seems it's almost as good for most European languages, and it definitely outperforms QWERTY in pretty much all cases. Of course that leaves the problem of accented characters...
The German QWERTZ keyboard layout puts accented characters and the scharfes Ess on the keyboard, but the latter is on the number row... Hungarian, the derivative of the German layout, goes one step further. As Hungarian has a lot more accented characters, it stuffs them around in the most awkward positions to be hit with the pinky, with considerable wrist movement and strain.
There are attempts at optimizing for German (the Neo 2.0 for example), but what is missing is a good all-rounder keyboard. If you type several languages, the whole idea of optimization becomes problematic in a way. Still, Colemak is good enough. The Windows layout download has dead keys for accents, but they are in seemingly arbitrary places, and require AltGr - definitely not suitable for typing long texts in a language with accents.
My opinion about rarely used symbols is that they should be placed in a "meaningful" position, while frequently used ones should be in "reachable" positions. For an international Colemak, I'd suggest having AltGr make ' : and " into dead keys for the respective combining accents. (These are the accents used in Hungarian and German, the rest of accents used in languages using latin script should be similarly assigned to a symbol that looks similar to the accent.)
As for a Colemak variant for typing Hungarian text (or German, though for German the optimal placements would be different), using dead keys also makes a lot of sense, as we can get rid of the stretchy positions for regular letters.
In Hungarian, the characters á, é, ú, ó together account for more than 8% of character frequency. I'd place the ' combining accent on the unmodified ' " key, leave " as the Shift layer, and put ' on AltGr.
The umlaut is much less frequent, ö and ü account for ~1.5%, and there is no ä in Hungarian. I'd place it on the unmodified ;: key, and similarly shift ; to the AltGr layer.
The double acute, which to my knowledge is unique to Hungarian, is the least frequent accent. Ő and ű account for approximately 1% of character frequency. It would be pretty comfortable under the pinky on [ {. Good thing that these characters are incredibly rarely used outside programming and mathematics.
...that said looking at the position of o, ö and ő would become slightly uncomfortable, as one either has to move the right pinky, or reorient the entire right hand... so maybe these might be better off elsewhere. The ISO keyboard has an additional key next to RShift... It could take umlaut unmodified, and double acute on shift...
While thinking about this, and checking the AltGr layers, I kind of had the impression that these are put together without any rhyme or reason. Why have ä when you have the combining umlaut, etc.? Is there anyone who regularly uses the AltGr layer on an English keyboard, and could add some usage perspective? There are lots of typographical and mathematical signs that would be nice to have.